Language+Terms

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** A mind is a fire to be kindled, not a vessel to be filled. ** ** --Plutarch ** =Language Terms =


 * 1. Phoneme-** the smallest contrastive unit in the sound system of a language.
 * **Example:** /b/, /j/, /o/
 * **Resource:** (2004).//What is a Phoneme?// Retrieved from http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAPhoneme.htm


 * 2. Morpheme-** the linguistic term for the most elemental unit of grammatical form
 * Examples of one morpheme: boy, desire
 * Examples of two morphemes: boy+ish, desire+able
 * Examples of three morphemes: boy+ish+ness, desire+able+ity
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education

Higher Education
 * 3. Content Words-** nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs; words that denote concepts such as objects, actions, attributes, and ideas
 * **Example:** //children anarchism, soar,// and //purple//
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson

Higher Education
 * 4. Function Words-** prepositions, conjunctions, articles, and pronouns; words that specify grammatical relations and have little or no semantic content
 * **Examples:** //and, or, but, in, the, a, an, it, he// and //she//
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson


 * 5. Cognates**- Words in related languages that developed from the same ancestral root


 * **Cognates Examples:** (2006). //Science English/Spanish Cognates.// Retrieved from [|http://www5.esc13.net/science/docs/Span_Eng_Science_Cognates_Jan_2008.pdf]
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 6. Bilabials-** a sound produced when bringing both lips together
 * **Example:** [p], [b], [m]
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 7: Labiodentals-** The sound produced with the lips by touching the bottom lip to the upper teeth
 * **Example:** [f], [v]
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 8: Alveolars-** seven sounds that are produced with the tongue raised in various ways to the alveolar ridge
 * **Examples:** [t], [d], [n], [s], [z], [l], [r]
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 9. Coinage-** words created or added to a language usually to fit some purpose
 * **Examples:** //Kodac, Xerox, Kleenex, Jell-O, Vaseline//
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 10. Compound Word-** two or more words joined together to form one word
 * **Examples:** //bittersweet, headstrong, homework, pickpocket, sleepwalk//
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 11. Clipping-** the abbreviation of longer words into shorter ones
 * **Examples:** //facsimile-fax, professor- prof, pianoforte- piano, gymnasium- gym//
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education


 * 12. Acronyms-** Words derived from the initials of several words
 * **Examples:** //NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, RAM- Random Access Memory, SCUBA- Self-contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus//
 * **Resource:** Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An Introduction to Language (8th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Higher Education